What causes cholangitis?

Cholangitis, also known as inflammation of the bile duct, can have several causes:

1. Gallstones: Gallstones are the most common cause of cholangitis. When gallstones block the bile duct, bile accumulates and causes inflammation.

2. Infection: Bacteria can enter the bile duct through the gallbladder or from the intestines. This can lead to an infection of the bile duct, causing cholangitis.

3. Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC): PBC is a chronic liver disease that affects the small bile ducts in the liver. It leads to inflammation and damage of the bile ducts, causing cholangitis.

4. Sclerosing Cholangitis (SC): SC is a chronic condition characterized by inflammation and scarring of the bile ducts. It can be caused by autoimmune disorders, infections, or other underlying medical conditions.

5. Strictures: Narrowing or scarring of the bile ducts, known as strictures, can obstruct the flow of bile and lead to cholangitis.

6. Tumors: Benign or malignant tumors in the bile duct or surrounding organs can compress or obstruct the bile duct, causing cholangitis.

7. Trauma: Injuries or trauma to the liver or bile ducts can result in cholangitis.

8. Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as Crohn's disease, pancreatitis, or HIV, can increase the risk of developing cholangitis.

It's important to note that cholangitis can be a serious condition and requires prompt medical attention. If you experience symptoms such as abdominal pain, fever, chills, yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, or light-colored stools, consult a healthcare professional as soon as possible.