Different between open and closed drains?

Open Drain:

1. Design: An open drain features an open connection between the drain pipe and the atmosphere, allowing air and odorous gases to escape. It does not have a P-trap or a water seal.

2. Application: Open drains are commonly used in outdoor settings, such as driveways, gutters, and streets, to allow rapid drainage of water. They may also be found in some plumbing fixtures indoors, like laundry sinks or urinals, where the risk of sewer gases is minimal.

3. Trapping: Since open drains lack a P-trap, they do not have the ability to trap and seal odorous sewer gases.

4. Maintenance: Open drains generally require less maintenance since there is no risk of water clogs or blockages. Simple debris like leaves or small objects can be easily removed.

5. Sanitation: Open drains pose a higher risk of contamination and may allow pests or debris to enter the drain easily, leading to potential hygiene concerns.

Closed Drain:

1. Design: A closed drain is a type of drainage system that completely seals off the drain from the atmosphere. It incorporates a P-trap or a water seal, which prevents the backflow of sewer gases and unpleasant odors into the indoor space.

2. Application: Closed drains are primarily installed in indoor plumbing fixtures, including sinks, bathtubs, showers, toilets, and dishwashers. They are essential for maintaining hygienic and odor-free conditions within the building.

3. Trapping: Closed drains have a P-trap or S-trap, which acts as a barrier by holding a certain amount of water. This water seal traps sewer gases and prevents them from escaping into the indoor environment.

4. Maintenance: Closed drains require regular maintenance to prevent clogs. Over time, hair, soap residue, food scraps, and other debris can accumulate, leading to blockages and requiring cleaning or professional plumbing services.

5. Sanitation: Closed drains provide a higher level of sanitation and hygiene compared to open drains. The P-trap creates an effective barrier against sewer gases and prevents contaminants from entering the drainage system.

In summary, open drains are used in outdoor settings and lack a water seal, while closed drains are used indoors and have a P-trap or water seal to prevent the backflow of odorous gases and promote sanitary conditions.