For what reasons is tooth extraction usually performed?

Tooth extraction, also known as tooth pulling or exodontia, is the removal of a tooth from the mouth. It is usually done as a last resort when all other treatment options have failed. There are several reasons why a tooth may need to be extracted, including:

1. Severe decay: When tooth decay is so severe that it cannot be repaired with a filling or crown, extraction may be necessary to prevent the infection from spreading to other teeth.

2. Periodontal disease: This is a gum disease that can cause the teeth to become loose and fall out. In severe cases, tooth extraction may be necessary to prevent further damage to the surrounding teeth and bone.

3. Impacted teeth: This occurs when a tooth does not erupt properly and is stuck in the jaw. Impacted teeth can cause pain, crowding, and infection, and may need to be extracted to make room for other teeth to grow in properly.

4. Infection: A tooth infection, also known as an abscess, can cause severe pain and swelling. If the infection is severe, the tooth may need to be extracted to prevent the infection from spreading to other parts of the body.

5. Root fractures: A root fracture is a crack in the root of a tooth. Root fractures can be caused by trauma, such as a blow to the face, or by severe tooth decay. If a root fracture cannot be repaired, the tooth may need to be extracted.

6. Orthodontic treatment: In some cases, tooth extraction may be necessary to make room for orthodontic treatment, such as braces. This is usually done with impacted teeth or teeth that are severely crowded.

7. Wisdom teeth removal: Wisdom teeth are the last teeth to erupt, usually in the late teens or early twenties. They can sometimes be impacted or cause other problems, such as pain, swelling, and infection, and may need to be extracted.

Before a tooth is extracted, the dentist will perform a thorough examination and may take x-rays to assess the condition of the tooth and surrounding bone. They will discuss the risks and benefits of extraction and will provide local anaesthesia to numb the area and minimize pain during the procedure.