How do dentists remove decay?

Removing dental decay (commonly known as cavities) is a routine procedure commonly performed by dentists. The process of decay removal involves several steps and may vary slightly depending on the extent of decay:

1. Diagnosis:

- The dentist will thoroughly examine your teeth and gums, visually and using dental instruments, to identify the affected areas.

- Dental X-rays may be taken to assess the extent of decay, especially if it's between the teeth or beneath the gum line.

2. Anesthesia (if necessary):

- If the decay is extensive and near the nerve, local anesthesia may be administered to numb the area around the affected tooth, ensuring a pain-free procedure.

3. Decay Removal:

- Using specialized dental instruments, such as dental drills or lasers, the dentist carefully removes the decayed portions of the tooth.

- The drill or laser effectively breaks down the softened, infected dentin and enamel.

- Water or air-water spray is used to keep the area cool during drilling and flush out debris.

4. Cleaning and Disinfection:

- Once the decay is removed, the dentist cleans the area thoroughly to eliminate any remaining bacteria or debris.

- Antibacterial or antimicrobial solutions may be applied to the affected area to reduce the risk of further infection.

5. Filling the Tooth:

- After the decay is removed and the area is clean, the dentist fills the cavity with a suitable dental material.

- Common filling materials include dental amalgam (silver-colored), composite resin (tooth-colored), glass ionomer cement, or porcelain.

- The filling material is shaped and hardened, restoring the tooth's form and function.

6. Polishing:

- The final step involves polishing the filled tooth to make it smooth, comfortable to bite on, and aesthetically pleasing.

7. Post-Treatment Care:

- After the procedure, the dentist may provide instructions for post-treatment care, including pain management and oral hygiene practices.

- Regular dental check-ups and maintenance are recommended to prevent future decay and maintain good oral health.