What is omental-mesenteric fat?
Omental-mesenteric fat, also called visceral fat, refers to the fat deposited in the abdominal cavity, surrounding organs such as the stomach, intestines, liver, and kidneys. It differs from subcutaneous fat, which is stored just beneath the skin.
Omental-mesenteric fat is primarily composed of adipose tissue, specialized cells that store triglycerides. Excessive accumulation of visceral fat, particularly around the abdomen (known as abdominal obesity), is associated with various health risks.
Here's what you need to know about omental-mesenteric fat:
1. Health Risks:
- Excessive omental-mesenteric fat is linked to an increased risk of developing metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol.
- It can promote chronic inflammation, which underlies various health issues and diseases.
- The distribution of fat in a "central" pattern (around the waist and abdomen) is considered more harmful compared to "peripheral" fat distribution (around the hips and thighs).
2. Visceral vs. Subcutaneous Fat:
- Visceral fat is stored deep within the abdominal cavity, whereas subcutaneous fat is located just below the skin's surface.
- Visceral fat is more metabolically active than subcutaneous fat, releasing substances that can affect hormone balance, liver function, and inflammation.
3. Visceral Fat and Hormones:
- Omental-mesenteric fat can release hormones and other signaling molecules, including leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and inflammatory markers, which can alter metabolic processes.
4. Insulin Resistance:
- Excess visceral fat is linked to insulin resistance, where cells become less responsive to the hormone insulin. This disrupts glucose metabolism and contributes to elevated blood sugar levels.
5. Cardiovascular Risk:
- Excessive omental-mesenteric fat is associated with an increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular complications.
6. Metabolic Syndrome:
- Visceral fat plays a central role in metabolic syndrome, a cluster of risk factors, including abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, elevated blood sugar, abnormal cholesterol levels, and insulin resistance.
7. Measurement:
- Omental-mesenteric fat can be measured through imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
- Waist circumference is a simple measure that may indicate central adiposity and potential visceral fat accumulation.
8. Lifestyle Choices:
- A balanced diet, regular physical activity, and a healthy lifestyle are crucial for managing omental-mesenteric fat and reducing the risk of associated health problems.
9. Exercise:
- Engaging in aerobic exercise, strength training, and interval training can help reduce visceral fat. Specific core exercises can target abdominal muscles and fat.
10. Dietary Strategies:
- Cutting down on added sugars and processed foods, limiting saturated and trans fats, and increasing consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats can promote weight loss and reduce omental-mesenteric fat.
Consulting with healthcare professionals, such as doctors, registered dietitians, or exercise specialists, is essential for developing personalized strategies to manage omental-mesenteric fat and improve overall health.