Types of Glucose

As you eat, glucose is absorbed through your stomach lining and is transported to various locations throughout your body. The higher the glucose intake, the higher the insulin secretion; this enables quicker digestion and more-efficient energy storage, depending on the type of glucose. There is quite a variety, all of which serve specialized functions within the human body.

GLUT1

• GLUT1 is one of the most significant forms of glucose in human organisms. It's present in every major location throughout the body, but most notably in the cerebrum tissues. One of its primary functions is transportation; without glucose, your brain would be starved of essential nutrients. Red blood cells rely heavily on GLUT1 and constantly "stock up" on it to ensure that no areas of the body are functioning improperly.

GLUT2

• The most distinguishing characteristic of GLUT2 is its extensive transport capacity. This type of glucose, although it has the capacity to work everywhere in the body, appears mainly in the liver, pancreas, kidney and the intestinal region. GLUT2 provides the body with energy by powering the metabolism and carrying out processes necessary to begin transcription. Although it is harder to transport, this form of glucose is very effective and a fundamental component of human functioning.

GLUT4

• GLUT4 plays an extremely important role in the body. Although this type of glucose is stored in high amounts, it can release into the bloodstream when signaled by insulin. Diabetes patients, because this response is not activated naturally within their bodies, need to take insulin injections on a regular basis. GLUT4 transport ensures the healthy functioning and upkeep of muscle tissue and maintains a healthy heart. Improper storage signaling often leads to cardiovascular complications and obesity.