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Salmonella Virulence Factors

Salmonella are highly viral pathogens that adversely affect human beings. Pathogens are usually ingested when swallowing contaminated food. According to Horizon Press, salmonella are responsible for nearly one million deaths and tens of millions of human infections per year. Physical symptoms of salmonella poisoning arise within 72 hours of infection. These symptoms include diarrhea and nausea. It is wise to consider a number of risk factors with respect to salmonella. These risks can include increased exposure, stomach disorders and immune problems. Consult a physician with questions or concerns.

  1. Increased Exposure

    • Salmonella infections usually arise from ingesting improperly prepared food. According to the Mayo Clinic, you must handle raw ground beef and raw eggs with prudence. But this is not the only way to become sick. Always be cautious to note factors that increase the possibility of exposure. Traveling to international countries with poor sanitation can raise the likelihood of salmonella poisoning. According to the Mayo Clinic, salmonella poisoning under these conditions can result in typhoid fever. Pet birds and reptiles can harbor pathogens as well.

    Stomach Disorders

    • Most people infected with the salmonella virus show identical gastrointestinal symptoms. Stomach cramps, headaches and fevers are persistent symptoms. Severe cases can include diarrhea, nausea or vomiting. Considering this, if you have high amounts of stomach acid you may be less susceptible to infection. According to the Mayo Clinic, strong stomach acid is a factor that often rids a gastrointestinal system of the salmonella virus. Then again, suffering from illnesses like inflammatory bowel disease can mean a weakening of intestinal lining--and an easy breeding ground for salmonella bacteria.

    Immune Problems

    • A number of medicines or medical problems can raise the risk of salmonella poisoning. Taking antacids reduces stomach acid but raises the possibility for salmonella bacteria to harvest. According to the Mayo Clinic, anti-rejection medicines ingested following organ transplants can have a similar effect. Additionally, if you suffer from sickle cell anemia, malaria or AIDS, the chances of being infected with the salmonella virus increase substantially.

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