Nutrition & Human Life Cycles

The human life cycle begins at conception and ends at death. From start to finish, the body requires different forms of nutrition to develop, grow, and sustain itself. A baby's nutrition is dependent on what its mother eats. Folic acid is one nutrient recommended for pregnant women, since it reduces the risks of birth defects. Protein, Vitamin D, calcium, iron and zinc are other important nutrients.

• Humans start their nutrition journey even before they are born.

Infancy

• Infants who breast feed usually have fewer infections and allergies. If a woman does not breast feed, formula usually provides adequate nutrition, including Vitamin D and iron. Vitamin B12 is recommended for babies whose mothers are vegetarians.

Childhood

• For children, protein, Vitamin B12, and Vitamin D, along with calcium, zinc, and iron are key nutrients. After the age of two, it is recommended that children switch from whole milk to lower-fat milks and food to reduce the risk of childhood obesity.

Adolescence

• During adolescence, a major obstacle is an obsession with body image. Teenage girls tend to diet and skip meals, missing out on essential nutrients. Calcium is key for girls, and iron is crucial to both boys and girls.

Adulthood

• A good diet can help adults maintain energy levels and avoid premature death. A diet that is good for adults is also beneficial for people who are aging.

Aging

• There are many foods that can mitigate the symptoms of aging. Antioxidants, Vitamins C and E, and zinc and beta-carotene can help prevent vision loss. Glucosamine can reduce the pain of arthritis. Fish oil helps fight blood clotting and inflammation. Researchers are currently studying the beneficial effects of eating 30 percent fewer calories, and whether or not this can extend life and slow aging or age-related diseases.