Can a baby be born by its legs first?

Yes, a baby can be born feet-first, which is referred to as a breech birth. Breech births occur when the baby's bottom or feet are positioned first in the birth canal instead of the head. While most babies are born head-first (vertex presentation), breech births account for about 3-4% of all births.

Breech presentations can occur for various reasons, including:

- Uterine abnormalities: Certain conditions affecting the uterus, such as a bicornuate uterus, may increase the risk of a breech presentation.

- Multiple pregnancies: Breech presentations are more common in multiple pregnancies, especially with twins or higher-order multiples.

- Placenta previa: When the placenta covers the opening of the cervix (placenta previa), it may obstruct the baby's ability to turn head-down.

- Large baby: If the baby is large for gestational age (macrosomia), it may have difficulty turning due to limited space.

- Oligohydramnios: Low levels of amniotic fluid (oligohydramnios) can restrict the baby's movement and increase the risk of a breech presentation.

Breech births can pose certain risks to both the mother and the baby. For example, there's an increased risk of complications such as cord prolapse, where the umbilical cord descends ahead of the baby's head, increasing the risk of oxygen deprivation. Therefore, breech presentations are often closely monitored, and the decision about the mode of delivery (vaginal or cesarean) is made based on various factors, including the type of breech presentation, the mother's health, and the baby's well-being.