Central Hypothyroidism Symptoms in Children

Central hypothyroidism is a condition that results when a child has a thyroid hormone deficiency as a result of a pituitary or hypothalamus problem. Infants born with hypothyroidism are at risk for mental retardation and need to be treated right away. Older children may develop hypothyroidism if hormone production becomes unbalanced or deficient.

Causes

• Central hypothyroidism sometimes occurs after a child has undergone radiation therapy for various cancers. It also often occurs along with Sturge-Weber syndrome. Sturge-Weber syndrome is a condition detectible shortly after birth. Symptoms of this condition include seizures, muscle weakness, glaucoma and a port-wine birthmark on the face. Some children with Sturge-Weber syndrome also have developmental delays.

Symptoms

• Central hypothyroidism symptoms may be minimal. Common symptoms may include intolerance of cold temperatures, constipation, fatigue and dry skin. Other symptoms include decreased appetite and slow development of teeth. Developmental delays may occur if the condition is not properly controlled.

Long-term Effects

• Children with central hypothyroidism may experience slow growth and have a short stature. Older children may experience puberty later than normal and may gain weight.

Diagnosis

• Central hypothyroidism is diagnosed using blood tests that detect levels of thyroxine (T4) and TSH hormones. TSH is an acronym for thyroid stimulating hormone. These tests are routinely conducted at birth and may be repeated later on if a child is displaying symptoms of a thyroid disorder.

Treatment

• Treatment of hypothyroidism involves giving children thyroid hormone medications. Many children will require treatment for the duration of their lives.