Osteoporosis in Children

Osteoporosis is a condition that causes loss of bone density or insufficient bone growth, resulting in weak bones. Although it is more common in older adults, it can affect children. It usually occurs between ages 8 and 14 but can occur at any time during a growth spurt.

Causes

• Osteoporosis in children can be caused by an underlying condition such as diabetes or kidney disease. It can also be a side effect of certain medications including anticonvulsants or corticosteroids. A sedentary lifestyle or calcium and vitamin D deficiency can also cause osteoporosis.

Symptoms

• Osteoporosis may lead to more frequent fractures. Children may also complain of mild pain throughout their body. A rare form called idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis may cause back, hip and foot pain. In many cases, osteoporosis is a silent disease, meaning it has no symptoms.

Diagnosis

• X-rays and bone density tests are performed to diagnose osteoporosis. Blood tests to measure the level of calcium and potassium may also be ordered.

Treatment

• Treatment consists of maintaining an appropriate body weight, performing weight-bearing exercises to strengthen the body, minimizing caffeine intake and taking vitamin D and calcium supplements. If the underlying cause is another disease, treatment focuses on curing or minimizing the impact of that condition.

Prevention

• Osteoporosis related to lifestyle can be prevented. Make sure your child is getting an adequate amount of calcium and vitamin D and is engaging in plenty of physical activity.