How to Compare Spermicides

Spermicides are a chemical type of contraceptive inserted prior to intercourse. They work by killing sperm inside a woman's vagina. According to Planned Parenthood, spermicide blocks the cervix, so sperm cannot reach an egg, and keeps sperm from moving, so they cannot join with an egg.

Types

• In the United States, the most common spermicide uses the active ingredient Nonoxynyl-9. All methods of spermicide, except for as a condom lubricant, have the same amount of protection when used by themselves. Spermicide may irritate the penis or vagina with excessive use.

Delivery Methods

• Spermicide can be found as a lubricant as condoms, as a cream or foam, suppository, or vaginal sponge. It averages about $8.00 per box or tube. For women wanting to avoid hormones, spermicides may be an option if they are willing to accept a lower effectiveness.

Effectiveness

• When used as a condom lubricant, spermicide does not add any significant protection. If women always use spermicide as directed, 15 percent will become pregnant each year; of those who misuse or incorrectly use spermicide, 29 percent will become pregnant. Spermicide must be used with barrier methods, which physically block sperm from entering the uterus. Rates for these methods vary.