Better Birth Control Method Pros & Cons

Adequate birth control can help protect against unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections and diseases. There are various options available for sexually active men and women. Taking the time to consider the merits of each enables both parties to make an informed decision. What is suitable for people in long-term monogamous relationships isn't necessarily suitable for those with multiple sexual partners.

Intra-uterine Devices

• Intra-uterine devices, also known as IUDs or IUSs, are small plastic devices placed in the uterus. They are 99 percent reliable, can be removed at any time and have minimal side effects. Though they are initially expensive, the cost is easily offset by the long lifespan of the device. For example, the ParaGard (Copper T) IUD can remain in place for up to 10 years. IUDs can occasionally be dislodged or expelled and are not recommended for women with fibroids. IUDs do not protect the user from sexually transmitted diseases.

Diaphragm

• A diaphragm is a shallow latex cup that prevents sperm from entering the upper reproductive tract. The diaphragm can be put into place immediately before intercourse and doesn't need to be removed between acts of intercourse within six hours. Diaphragms are between 82 and 94 percent effective. Spermicidal gel must be applied to the diaphragm between acts of intercourse, which can cause allergic reactions in some women. Diaphragms may also lead to an increase in urinary tract infections.

Male Condoms

• Male condoms are sheaths made of rubber, latex or polyurethane that fit over the penis and prevent sperm from entering the female reproductive tract. They are between 88 and 98 percent effective and provide protection against most sexually transmitted diseases. They are inexpensive to buy and readily available. Condoms can occasionally split and some people may have allergic reactions to the latex varieties. Condoms must be put on immediately before intercourse, which requires will power that is hard for some people to muster.

Combination Pills

• Combination birth control pills are more commonly known as "the pill" and contain a combination of estrogen and progestin. The pill prevents ovulation by adjusting hormone levels to prevent spikes in levels of estrogen. They are between 97 and 99 percent effective preventing at pregnancy, but do not protect against sexually transmitted infections and diseases. The pill must be taken every day at a similar time.