What to expect in the second trimester of a pregnancy?

Physical Changes:

- Your belly will begin to show more prominently.

- Your uterus will grow, causing your abdomen to expand and protrude.

- Your breasts will continue to grow and may begin to produce colostrum, a thin, yellowish fluid that precedes breast milk.

- Your skin may develop stretch marks on the abdomen, breasts, thighs, and buttocks.

- Your hair and nails may grow faster and thicker.

- Your feet and ankles may swell due to fluid retention.

- Your body temperature may rise slightly.

- You may experience increased vaginal discharge.

- Your skin may become darker, especially around the nipples, areolas, and genitals.

Hormonal Changes:

- Your progesterone and estrogen levels will continue to rise, contributing to the physical changes.

- The placenta produces human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which maintains the pregnancy and prevents menstruation.

- The increased hormone levels may cause mood swings and emotional sensitivity.

Common Symptoms:

- Morning sickness may subside or disappear completely for many women.

- Increased appetite and cravings for specific foods.

- Heartburn and indigestion due to the enlarged uterus pressing on the stomach.

- Constipation caused by the increased levels of progesterone.

- Frequent urination due to the expanding uterus pressing on the bladder.

- Fatigue and tiredness as your body works hard to support the growing fetus.

- Increased sense of smell and heightened sensitivity to certain odors.

- Nasal congestion and nosebleeds due to increased blood volume and sensitivity of the nasal membranes.

- Leg cramps, headaches, and backaches.

Medical Tests and Appointments:

- Regular prenatal checkups with your healthcare provider will continue, usually every 4 weeks during the second trimester.

- Blood tests and urine tests may be recommended to monitor your health and the fetus's well-being.

- An ultrasound may be scheduled between weeks 18 and 22 to assess the fetal development, check the position of the placenta, and determine the sex of the baby (if desired).

Remember, every pregnancy is unique, and the experiences can vary widely. Always consult your healthcare provider with any concerns or questions you may have.