What can happen to a pregnant woman if she drinks alcohol?
Consuming alcohol during pregnancy can have several negative effects on both the mother and the developing fetus. Some potential risks include:
1. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD): Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can lead to a range of physical, mental, and behavioral problems in the offspring. FASD is an umbrella term for these conditions, and it can manifest in varying degrees of severity.
Common features of FASD may include:
- Characteristic facial features, such as a smooth philtrum (the groove between the nose and upper lip), thin upper lip, and widely spaced eyes
- Growth retardation both before and after birth
- Central nervous system abnormalities, such as impaired cognitive function, learning difficulties, memory problems, and attention deficits
-Behavioral issues, including hyperactivity, impulsivity, and poor social skills
2. Miscarriage and Stillbirth: Heavy drinking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage, premature birth, and stillbirth. Alcohol can interfere with the proper development of the placenta and can disrupt the flow of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus.
3. Placental Abruption: Alcohol consumption has been linked to an increased risk of placental abruption, a condition in which the placenta separates from the uterine wall before the baby is born. This can lead to serious complications, including bleeding, premature birth, and fetal distress.
4. Preeclampsia and Eclampsia: Alcohol use during pregnancy may contribute to the development of preeclampsia, a condition characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine. In severe cases, preeclampsia can progress to eclampsia, which involves seizures and can be life-threatening for both the mother and the baby.
5. Low Birth Weight and IUGR: Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can lead to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), where the fetus does not grow and develop at the expected rate. Low birth weight, a common outcome of IUGR, can increase the risk of various health problems in newborns, including respiratory distress, feeding difficulties, and long-term growth issues.
It's important for pregnant women to completely avoid alcohol consumption to minimize the risks to the developing fetus. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, talk to your healthcare provider for guidance and support.