What are Diseases to Avoid During the First Trimester?
Infectious Diseases:
1. Rubella (German Measles): This viral infection can cause serious birth defects, including heart problems, deafness, and mental disabilities. Vaccination against rubella is recommended before pregnancy.
2. Cytomegalovirus (CMV): A common virus that usually causes mild symptoms or no symptoms at all. However, it can cause serious health problems in unborn babies, including hearing loss, vision problems, and developmental disabilities.
3. Toxoplasmosis: Caused by a parasite found in cat feces, raw or undercooked meat, and unwashed fruits and vegetables. Infection during pregnancy can cause miscarriage, premature birth, and serious eye and brain damage.
4. Chickenpox (Varicella): While usually mild in adults, chickenpox during pregnancy can increase the risk of serious complications, including pneumonia and encephalitis. It can also cause congenital varicella syndrome, which can lead to birth defects.
5. Fifth Disease (Erythema Infectiosum): A mild viral infection that causes a rash. It's usually harmless, but infection during early pregnancy may rarely lead to complications like miscarriage or fetal anemia.
6. Zika Virus: Transmitted through mosquito bites, Zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause severe brain abnormalities, known as microcephaly, in unborn babies.
Chronic Conditions:
1. Diabetes: Uncontrolled diabetes during pregnancy can increase the risk of birth defects, miscarriage, and premature birth.
2. High Blood Pressure: Chronic hypertension or gestational hypertension can lead to complications such as preeclampsia, a serious condition involving high blood pressure and organ dysfunction.
3. Heart Disease: Certain heart conditions can be risky during pregnancy and require close monitoring.
4. Kidney Disease: Kidney issues can affect the mother's health and the baby's development.
5. Thyroid Disorders: Uncontrolled thyroid problems can impact fetal development and pregnancy outcomes.
Mental Health Conditions:
1. Untreated Depression: Severe or uncontrolled depression during pregnancy can affect fetal development and postpartum mental health.
2. Anxiety Disorders: Severe anxiety can negatively impact pregnancy and childbirth.
3. Substance Abuse: Substance use disorders can have serious consequences for the unborn baby and the mother's health.
It's essential for women planning a pregnancy or in their first trimester to receive proper prenatal care, practice preventive measures, and consult their healthcare provider regularly to reduce the risks associated with these diseases and conditions.