What happens to the umbilical cord after giving birth?

The umbilical cord, which connects the fetus to the placenta during pregnancy, undergoes several changes after childbirth. Here's what typically happens to the umbilical cord:

1. Clamping and Cutting:

- Within a few minutes after the baby is born, the umbilical cord is clamped twice using sterile clamps, one close to the baby's abdomen and the other closer to the placenta.

- Between the clamps, the cord is then cut using sterile scissors. This process separates the baby from the placenta and marks the complete physical separation of the newborn from the mother.

2. Natural Drying and Detachment:

- After clamping and cutting, the remaining portion of the umbilical cord attached to the baby (commonly called the "umbilical stump") is left to dry out naturally.

- Over the next few days, the cord stump gradually shrivels and becomes darker in color as it begins to dry out. This process is normal and does not cause pain or discomfort to the baby.

3. Separation of the Stump:

- Around 7-14 days after birth, the dried umbilical stump usually falls off on its own without any medical intervention. The exact timing can vary from baby to baby.

- Some healthcare providers may recommend gentle cleaning of the cord stump and the surrounding area with water and mild soap during diaper changes to keep it clean and prevent infection.

4. Wound Healing:

- Once the cord stump separates, a small open area remains on the baby's abdomen where the cord was attached.

- This area gradually heals and develops a protective layer of skin, completing the process of umbilical cord separation.

5. Umbilical Bud and Belly Button Formation:

- After complete healing, a small scar will typically develop at the navel (belly button). The scar may appear slightly raised but usually flattens over time.

- The belly button marks the location where the umbilical cord was once attached and serves as a permanent reminder of the connection between the mother and the baby during pregnancy.

It's essential to follow the instructions provided by your healthcare provider regarding umbilical cord care, cleanliness, and any specific precautions to avoid infection and facilitate proper healing. If you notice any signs of infection or unusual changes in the healing process, promptly consult with a healthcare professional.