Primary Biliary What to Know

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), previously known as primary biliary cirrhosis, is a chronic liver disease in which the small bile ducts inside the liver are slowly destroyed. Over time, this inflammation and damage cause a buildup of toxic substances in the liver and can eventually lead to scarring (cirrhosis), liver failure, and the need for a liver transplant.

Common symptoms of PBC can include fatigue, joint pain, skin itching, dry mouth and eyes, and pale or dark urine. Many people experience these symptoms before they even begin to show signs of jaundice or advanced liver disease. As the disease progresses, complications like liver failure, bone loss, high cholesterol, or kidney failure may develop.

Theexact cause of PBC is unknown, but genetic and environmental factors are thought to play a role. Women are more likely to develop PBC than men, and it affects middle-aged individuals around the ages of 40 to 60. Although there is no cure, various treatment options aim to slow bile duct damage, relieve symptoms, prevent complications, and improve overall liver health. Medications and lifestyle modifications such as maintaining a balanced diet can support liver function and management of the disease. Regular monitoring by a healthcare professional is recommended.