What Are the Causes of Abnormal Liver Functions in Infants?

Several conditions and diseases are linked to abnormal liver function in infants. Some of these conditions are preventable. In many cases the cause of liver malfunction is genetic, and in others, the cause is unknown.

Alagille Syndrome

• This condition causes narrowed bile ducts and liver damage. It can be inherited from a single parent.

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency

• This disorder causes liver disease in children. Both parents must be carriers in order for a child to inherit the disorder.

Biliary Atresia

• This disease results in blocked bile ducts and cirrhosis of the liver. Although the cause is unknown, the American Liver Foundation states that it is not hereditary, contagious or preventable.

Galactosemia

• Classic galactosemia can result in an enlarged liver. This disorder is inherited from both parents.

Jaundice

• According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 60% of infants will develop jaundice. Heredity, large bruises, feeding difficulties, blood type and preterm birth can contribute to jaundice.

Reye Syndrome

• Abnormal liver function can be the result of Reye Syndrome. Its cause is not completely understood. Giving a child aspirin can increase his risk of developing Reye Syndrome.