The Effects of Heavy Alcohol Consumption

The impact of alcohol on health is arguably one of the most highly debated topics in nutritional and medical sciences. Advocates tout moderate alcohol consumption as beneficial based on numerous studies that identify cardiovascular benefits from moderate alcohol consumption. Opponents point to the potential problems associated with chronic alcohol use including the development of dependence. Despite this ongoing debate, there is a clear consensus on the detrimental effects of alcohol when used in excess.

Nervous System

• Some of alcohol's most obvious physiological effects result from its interaction with the body's central and peripheral nervous systems. Alcohol acts a depressant for these two systems, resulting in several side effects, including loss of both motor coordination and cognitive ability. Though these problems are normally alleviated in a relatively short time period as alcohol is removed from the body, excessive consumption can potentially lead to serious and permanent nervous system complications, including clinical depression and tremors.

Liver Damage

• One of the main functions of the liver is to remove toxins from the body. This process places a significant amount of strain on the liver, but fortunately it is able to regenerate part of its tissue. Excessive abuse of alcohol, however, does not allow the liver to sufficiently regenerate and can lead to the development of liver disease and cirrhosis.

Pancreas

• The pancreas serves crucial functions in both the endocrine and digestive systems of the body. Excessive alcohol abuse has been shown to lead to both acute and chronic pancreatitis. Both of these complications have the potential to lead to pancreatic cancer. In addition, these problems have been linked to the development of diabetes.

Social Impact

• The effects of excessive alcohol intake on individuals are not limited to physiological effects. Alcohol abuse can also take a toll on the family of the abuser. Chronic misuse has the potential to lead to dependence. This dependence may result in isolation from family and friends, as well as changes in personality when under the influence. These issues can potentially lead to relationship conflict, divorce and domestic violence.

Moderation

• As with many things, the general consensus is that moderate alcohol consumption is the key to minimizing the negative effects while maximizing the potential positive effects. Those who choose to drink must take into account the effect alcohol has on themselves,as well the potential to affect those around them.