Teen Drug Use

Teen drug use includes both the use of illegal drugs, such as marijuana, ecstasy and cocaine, and the abuse of legal prescription medications, such as pain killers. Teen drug use varies from experimental use to addiction and effects kids of all social and economic levels. The consequences associated with adolescents using drugs can last a lifetime.

Cause

• The reason why teens use drugs varies greatly. Some teens try drugs to fit in with their friends or out of curiosity. Teenagers who do not have much parental supervision or involvement are at risk for drug use. A history of physical or sexual abuse also puts teens at risk. Teens that have a parent with a drug problem are more likely to experiment with drugs. Certain personality traits may also be a risk factor, such as having low self-esteem and difficulty controlling impulses.

Signs

• Depending on the extent of drug use, teens may show certain signs they are using. Changes in behavior, such as poor hygiene, sleeping more or less, losing weight and getting angry easily may be signs a teen is using drugs. Stealing and declining grades may also indicate drug use. Physical signs which may be present vary depending on the type of drug used. For example, the use of stimulates, such as methamphetamines, may cause dilated pupils and hyperactivity.

Effects

• Using drugs can effect every area of teens' lives, including their health, relationships and school performance. In addition to addiction, various physical problems can occur depending on what drug is used. For instance, use of stimulants, such as cocaine, can increase the heart rate to dangerous levels. Over time, drug use can cause damage to the lungs and brain. It can also lead to depression and mood disturbances. While using drugs teens may be more likely to engage in risky behaviors, such as unprotected sex and reckless driving.

Treatment

• Treatment for teen drug use depends partly on the drug or drugs used and the extent of use. Treatment may involve going through detox or taking medication to deal with withdrawal symptoms. There are both inpatient and outpatient drug treatment programs specifically for teens. Programs usually consist of drug education, individual, group and family counseling. After discharge from a program, teens may continue to need support. Family support and programs, such as Narcotics Anonymous, may help.

Prevention

• Parents and schools can work together to develop ways to prevent drug use among teens. Parents should discuss drug use with their children and talk openly about the dangers and consequences. Staying involved in adolescents' lives and knowing who their friends are can also help. Drug prevention and educational programs in school may also help reduce use. Encouraging teens to participate in extracurricular activities, such as sports and school clubs, may help prevent drug use.