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Types of IUD Devices

An intrauterine device is inserted into your cervix. IUDs are designed to prevent pregnancies by inhibiting sperm from reaching the fallopian tubes. IUDs have an efficiency rate of 99.2 to 99.9 percent, as noted by the Feminist Women's Health Center. There are currently two forms of IUDs on the market approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use within the United States.

  1. ParaGard

    • ParaGard is a T-shaped, copper designed IUD. The copper IUD prevents sperm from going inside the fallopian tubes. If a pregnancy occurs, the IUD won't allow a fertilized egg from implanting in your uterus, as indicated by the Mayo Clinic website. Paragard can be removed easily and doesn't require a long time to return to fertility. The IUD also doesn't have as many side effects (weight gain or mood swings) as estrogen based birth control pills.

    Mirena

    • Mirena contains the hormone progestin. The hormone was added to Mirena to help minimize the side effects of IUDs, such as cramping and bleeding. The Mirena IUD thickens your cervical mucus, which causes the uterine lining to thin out. It is possible to get pregnant on Mirena. According to the Mayo Clinic, one out of one hundred women can get pregnant within the first year of use. Pregnancy while using Mirena is dangerous, which is why you need to consult with your physician, should you become pregnant.

    IUD Advantages

    • ParaGard won't fluctuate your hormones. Mirena is approved by the FDA to also help treat heavy menstrual bleeding in women who use IUDs as a form of birth control. Some women have even stopped experiencing periods with Mirena. IUDs can be used if you're breastfeeding and have no effects on your infant. Once an IUD is inserted, you don't have to worry about the prevention of pregnancy. IUDs also don't interfere with sexual or daily activities.

    Disadvantages

    • IUDs can perforate your cervix and uterus during insertion. IUDs don't protect against sexually transmitted diseases and require your physician to insert and remove the device. Infections can develop in your uterus or fallopian tubes. Infections can develop scarring, which makes the possibility of becoming pregnant later difficult. Infections develop if you have several sexual partners, when your partner isn't monogamous or during the first few weeks after IUD insertion (due to bacteria introduced into the uterus).

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