Most Common Gynecologist Procedures

The most common gynecologist procedures are used to diagnose and treat issues affecting a woman's health. The procedures may be performed in a gynecologist's office, clinic or a hospital. Each procedure has risks associated with it that range from minor to severe. Your gynecologist determines which procedures are necessary based on your medical history and the medical issue you are experiencing.

Hysterectomy

• According to Mission Health Systems, the most common gynecologist procedure is the hysterectomy. A hysterectomy is the removal of the uterus done through an incision in the abdomen or belly. During a hysterectomy, all or part of the uterus may be removed. A partial hysterectomy involves removing only the upper part of the uterus, while a total hysterectomy requires removing the whole uterus and the cervix. A radical hysterectomy requires the removal of the whole uterus, cervix and the upper part of the vagina. The type of hysterectomy performed depends on your medical history and the reason for the surgery. Bleeding, infection and breathing problems can result from a hysterectomy. If the doctor also removes the ovaries during a hysterectomy, early menopause may occur.

Dilation and Curettage (D&C)

• A dilation and curettage (D&C) procedure is performed for women who are experiencing irregular bleeding, endometrial cancer or fibroids. The procedure is used as a diagnostic tool for determining the underlying cause of medical issues. It may be done in combination with other procedures. A D&C involves collecting tissue from inside the uterus. The procedure can be performed in a hospital or clinic. Scarring of the uterine lining and puncturing of the uterus can result from undergoing a D&C. Women with a pelvic infection, blood clotting disorders or heart and lung disease may not be able to undergo a D&C due to the increased risks.

Colposcopy

• A colposcopy is a diagnostic tool that is used following an abnormal pap smear. A colposcopy is usually performed in a gynecologist's office or a clinic. A gynecologist takes a small sample of abnormal cells for further examination from the cervix. During a colposcopy, you may experience cramping or slight bleeding. Following the procedure, you may experience heavy bleeding or infection. An abnormal result from a colposcopy may be an indication of genital warts, cervical cancer or precancerous tissue. Your gynecologist may perform a colposcopy in conjunction with other procedures to determine the cause of your abnormal pap smear.