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Medication for Menstrual Cramps

Many women experience menstrual cramps during their periods. Although cramping is a natural part of the menstrual cycle, for some women cramps become severe enough that they interfere with normal activities. Common medications used to treat painful cramps include NSAIDs and hormonal birth control.

  1. Causes of Cramps

    • As the Center for Young Women's Health explains, menstrual cramps occur when the uterus releases prostaglandins, chemicals that trigger the uterus to contract in order to expel its thick lining. High levels of prostaglandins can lead to severe cramping. (See Reference 1)

    NSAIDs

    • NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) are a common treatment for cramps. According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, NSAIDs reduce cramps by preventing the production of prostaglandins. Common over-the-counter NSAIDs include ibuprofen and naproxen. (See Reference 3)

    How to Take NSAIDs

    • According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, NSAIDs work best when taken at the first sign of menstrual pain. NSAIDs usually only need to be used during the first one or two days of your period since prostaglandin levels naturally decline as menstruation progresses. (See Reference 3)

    Hormonal Birth Control

    • According to the Mayo Clinic, certain hormonal methods of birth control can reduce menstrual cramps by suppressing ovulation. These methods include birth control pills and the birth control shot, patch, or vaginal ring. All methods of hormonal birth control are only available by prescription. (See Reference 2)

    Talk to Your Doctor

    • Talk to your doctor if over-the-counter NSAIDs don't sufficiently reduce your menstrual cramps. Your doctor may give you a prescription NSAID or recommend the use of hormonal birth control. In rare cases, severe cramps can be a sign of an underlying problem that may need to be treated.

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