How to Transport a Patient on a Stretcher

Stretchers are used to transport patients to an ambulance or from one room or department to another inside a medical facility. Stretchers for ambulance use may be adjusted manually or mechanically and can break down at the head and foot to be used in small spaces. Stretchers for hospital use are generally larger, have locking wheels and automatic controls. There are many types of stretchers, also known as cots, though the basics for patient transport are essentially the same.

Things You'll Need

• Stretcher

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Instructions

• 1

  Place the stretcher at a comfortable level for loading by lowering it to the patient’s level or low enough to safely transfer the patient to the stretcher. Ensure the stretcher is on stable ground and will not roll or move when the patient is placed on it. Lock the wheels if applicable.

• 2

  Lower the sidebar on the side where the patient will load onto the stretcher. Place the patient onto the stretcher and situate for comfort. Bring the sidebar back into an upright position for safety once the patient is on the cot.

• 3

  Secure the patient straps, if applicable, for your stretcher. Secure the middle strap, bottom strap, chest strap and shoulder harness so they are snug, but not too tight.

• 4

  Lift the cot by using good body mechanics to prevent personal injury during lifting. Spread your feet about 15 inches apart and balance your center of gravity between both. Keep your back straight and bend at the knees.

• 5

  Signal your partner that you are ready to raise the cot to ensure she is ready to assist. Straighten your legs, allowing your upper body and leg muscles to assist the lifting of the cot. Refrain from bending or curving your spine during lifting, which may result in injury.

• 6

  Raise the head or foot portion of the cot as needed for patient comfort and medical need. Press the lever at the head or foot of the stretcher to move the appropriate portion as needed. Unlock the wheels, if applicable, for transport.

• 7

  Transport the stretcher with one person guiding from the head and another person guiding from the foot to prevent the stretcher from going sideways or becoming uncontrollable. Communicate with your partner to ensure you both maintain control of the cot.

• 8

  Transport the stretcher at an unhurried pace, taking care to coordinate with your partner around corners, inclines and declines to maintain control. Instruct the patient to keep her arms inside the stretcher at all times as you transport the cot to the ambulance or inside the facility. Suggest that she give herself a hug, or cross her arms over her middle, if she is able.