Types of Surgical Masks

Surgical masks are a form of barrier protection worn by health-care workers during surgical procedures, and in settings where bacteria or viruses may be present. Since surgical masks are barriers, they are made to reduce contamination. Several types of surgical masks are available for both health-care professionals and consumers.

Significance

• Surgical masks are loose-fitting barriers that cover the nose and mouth. They are typically worn by health-care professionals in a surgical setting to prevent cross-contamination of body fluids.

Function

• Surgical masks act as barriers to protect the user from inhaling fluids that can contain bacteria or viruses, or from transmitting oral or nasal fluids. Surgical masks are made of disposable material, such as paper, and do not serve as complete barriers for airborne particles.

Types of Face Masks

• Face masks can be labeled as surgical, laser, isolation, dental or medical procedure masks and may include a face shield. They can be held in place by fabric ties or with elastic straps.

Configurations

• Surgical masks are disposable and are available in three general configurations: a paper shield that may be pleated, which has two ties for around the head and a flexible nose bridge; a flat or pleated shied that has ear loops; and a molded cup shape held in place by an elastic cord around the head.

Choices

• Surgical masks are not regulated by health authorities and are not officially tested for filtering levels. Size and flexibility for easy and frequent use are key factors in choosing a surgical mask. Composition is also a factor, as some masks contain latex.

Other Considerations

• Surgical masks are helpful to avoid cross contamination. During flu and cold seasons, availability of surgical masks may be limited. Surgical masks should not be reused, and frequent changing is recommended. If your desired configuration is not available, any form of oral and nasal barrier can work in the nonsurgical setting.