What does the medical abbreviation JVD mean?

The medical abbreviation JVD stands for jugular venous distension. It refers to the swelling or engorgement of the veins in the neck, particularly the internal jugular veins, which are located on either side of the neck. JVD is usually caused by an increase in pressure in the right side of the heart or a blockage of the veins leading to the heart. It can be a sign of various medical conditions, such as heart failure, constrictive pericarditis, superior vena cava syndrome, or other conditions that affect the flow of blood in the veins.