Who pays for medical malpractice insurance hospital emergency room physicians?

Medical malpractice insurance for hospital emergency room physicians is typically included in the hospital's insurance policy, which is paid by the hospital itself as part of its ongoing expenses in providing healthcare services. Hospitals are responsible for ensuring that they have adequate insurance coverage to protect their staff, including physicians, from potential medical malpractice claims. The hospitals budget for this expense as part of their overall operating costs and may factor these expenses into the reimbursement rates they charge for patient services.