What is proctoscope?

A proctoscope is a medical instrument used for visual examination of the rectum and distal sigmoid colon. It is a rigid or flexible tube with a light source and a lens at one end, which is inserted into the anus. The proctoscope allows the physician to examine the mucosal lining of the rectum and sigmoid colon, and to identify any abnormalities such as polyps, tumors, or inflammation. It can also be used to perform biopsies, and to remove foreign bodies or polyps.

Proctoscopy is a relatively simple and safe procedure, and is typically performed in a doctor's office or clinic. The patient is usually asked to lie on their side or in the knee-chest position, and the proctoscope is gently inserted into the anus. The physician may then use the proctoscope to visualize the rectum and sigmoid colon, and to perform any necessary procedures.

Proctoscopy is typically used to investigate symptoms such as rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, or changes in bowel movements. It can also be used to screen for colorectal cancer, which is the third leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States.