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Criteria for Generalized Anxiety

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), lists six criteria for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD); among these, the main feature is excessive anxiety and worry. GAD accounts for approximately 12 percent of all anxiety disorders and affects about 3 percent of Americans. When the disorder is found in children, it is called overanxious disorder of childhood.

  1. Mental

    • The primary feature of GAD, excessive anxiety and worry, also called "apprehensive expectation," must be present more often than not for at least 6months; worrying about a single event or activity does not satisfy this criterion; there must be multiple areas of concern. In addition, the worry must be difficult to control.

    Physical

    • Those with GAD also experience physical symptoms; for a diagnosis, three or more of the following must be present (for children, only one is required).

      1. Restlessness, tension, or feeling "on edge"
      2. Being easily fatigued
      3. Difficulty concentrating, or the mind going blank
      4. Irritability
      5. Muscle tension
      6. Sleep disturbances

    Other Criteria

    • GAD is more than simple stress or everyday anxiety; it includes significant impairment or marked distress in important areas of your life, such as work or social activities.

      The anxiety and worry cannot be due to another psychiatric disorder, and finally, it cannot be the result of a medication or a physical condition such as hyperthyroidism.

    Distinctions

    • GAD can be distinguished from everyday stress and anxiety in a number of ways, including how long it lasts and whether you can distract yourself from the feelings. Physical symptoms are another clue that you might have GAD. Also, the anxiety in GAD tends to cover a greater number of areas than "normal" worry. For instance, you may be worried about your children's safety, your finances, your wardrobe, your dog's health and the squeaking noise in your car's engine.

    Warning

    • Only a qualified mental health professional can make a diagnosis of GAD. If you think you might have an anxiety disorder, contact a psychiatrist or therapist.

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