What is bipolar hemiarthroplasty?

Bipolar hemiarthroplasty is a surgical procedure in which the damaged portions of the hip joint are replaced with artificial components. The term "bipolar" refers to the design of the artificial joint, which consists of two separate components: a metal ball and a plastic socket. The metal ball replaces the head of the femur (thigh bone), while the plastic socket replaces the acetabulum (hip socket).

Bipolar hemiarthroplasty is typically performed to treat hip pain and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and hip fractures. The procedure involves removing the damaged cartilage and bone from the hip joint and then implanting the artificial components. The metal ball is attached to the top of the femur, and the plastic socket is placed into the acetabulum. The components are then secured in place with screws or cement.

Bipolar hemiarthroplasty is a less invasive procedure than total hip arthroplasty (THA), which involves replacing both the hip joint and the upper part of the femur with artificial components. Bipolar hemiarthroplasty is often preferred for patients who are older or who have other medical conditions that make THA a higher-risk procedure.

The recovery from bipolar hemiarthroplasty typically takes several weeks. Patients may experience some pain and swelling after the surgery, but they are usually able to start walking with a walker or crutches within a few days. Physical therapy is typically recommended to help patients regain their range of motion and strength.