What causes mono?

Mono, also known as infectious mononucleosis, is a common contagious disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). EBV is a member of the herpesvirus family and is highly contagious. It is primarily spread through direct contact with infected saliva, such as through kissing, sharing drinks or utensils, or contact with an infected person's respiratory droplets.

EBV can also be transmitted through:

1. Blood transfusions or organ transplants: Rarely, mono can be transmitted through blood transfusions or organ transplants if the donor is infected with EBV.

2. Sexual contact: EBV can be transmitted through unprotected sexual contact.

3. Vertical transmission: In rare cases, EBV can be passed from an infected mother to her baby during childbirth.

The initial infection with EBV usually occurs during childhood or adolescence. Once infected, the virus remains dormant in the body and can reactivate later in life under certain circumstances, such as stress, immunosuppression, or other factors that weaken the immune system.

It's important to note that not everyone who comes into contact with the Epstein-Barr virus will develop mono. Some people may experience mild or no symptoms, while others may develop the classic symptoms associated with the disease.