What Is Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder?

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a mental health disorder characterized by severe irritability and frequent temper outbursts, beyond what would be considered typical for a child's age and developmental stage. These symptoms are often accompanied by other problems such as difficulty controlling anger, impulsive behavior, and marked mood swings.

Diagnostic criteria for DMDD include:

- Severe and recurrent temper outbursts that are grossly out of proportion to the situation and level of development

- The person has temper outbursts three or more times weekly (or nearly every day) for at least one year

- The temper outbursts are present in at least two settings (e.g., school and at home)

- The symptoms are not due to another medical condition, substance abuse, or another mental disorder

- The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning

- The person is between the ages of 6 and 18

Symptoms of DMDD can include:

- Frequent, intense temper outbursts that seem out of control

- Difficulty managing anger or irritability

- Frequent episodes of crying or intense anger

- Impulsivity

- Difficulty concentrating

- Poor school or work performance

- Difficulty forming or maintaining relationships

- Low self-esteem

- Suicidal thoughts or behaviors

Treatment for DMDD may include:

- Psychotherapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy or family therapy

- Medication, such as antidepressants or antipsychotics

- Parent training and support

- School-based interventions

Early diagnosis and treatment of DMDD can help reduce symptoms and improve the person's quality of life.