Psychology: Duties & Responsibilities

Delving deep into the psyche of another individual requires compassion and finesse. It calls for a high degree of respect for the individual, while also demanding strict conformance with a government code of ethics. Balancing these responsibilities can be tricky, as they sometimes conflict. But though these demands can be overwhelming, the therapist/client relationship can be rewarding to both.

Confidentiality

• Psychologists must protect the confidentiality of their clients. This can mean anything from being discreet when calling the client's home phone (in case a spouse is unaware of the therapy) to not mentioning clients while chatting with friends. There are limitations to confidentiality, however, which the psychologist must inform the client of at the very beginning of the therapeutic relationship. For example, if a client mentions a known case of child abuse, the psychologist is mandated by law to report it, even though this is technically breaking confidentiality.

Record Keeping

• Psychologists are responsible for safely keeping notes and records on each session even several years after the relationship has been terminated (length of time depends on state). Whether these records are kept in a physical or electronic location (such as a laptop), serious steps must be taken to safeguard the notes. This could mean bolting the laptop to a desk and keeping it heavily password protected, or securely locking the filing cabinet. If a laptop or records are stolen, several clients run the risk of exposure and the psychologist will likely lose his license.

Competence

• Psychologists are responsible for staying competent by attending classes and doing research, but there may be times when a good psychologist is has little or no experience with a particular disorder, such as schizophrenia or a personality disorder. Or there may be times when therapy brings up strong emotions in the psychologist that prevent her from doing her job well. When a psychologist realizes she is incapable of sufficiently helping a client, she must refer him to a colleague.

Safety

• Psychologists must actively work to monitor the mental and emotional health of their clients. If there is any suspicion of suicidal tendencies, the psychologist must fill out a Suicide Checklist (see resource below). In California, if a psychologist has sufficient reason to believe the client is a danger to himself, she must hold for 72 hours of involuntary confinement. This unfortunately can shatter the client's trust in the therapist. However, if a client does commit suicide and a family is inclined to sue, the psychologist runs the risk of losing her license.