Causes & Effects of ADHD

Attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is a common mental disorder among children, though it is also present in teens and adults. It is characterized by hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattentiveness.

Diagnosis

• ADHD is difficult to diagnose and thus should be diagnosed by both a physician, who can confirm the behavior is not due to another medical condition, and a mental health specialist, who can confirm that the behavior is abnormal and requires treatment.

Causes

• There is no known cause for ADHD. Genetics, environmental factors such as consuming alcohol or smoking during pregnancy, and traumatic brain injuries are all factors commonly believed to contribute to ADHD.

Effects

• Symptoms of ADHD include lack of emotional restraint, inability to sit still, constant distraction, difficulty focusing on tasks and easily losing interest in activities.

Treatment

• ADHD is treated with stimulant medications such as Adderall or Ritalin, psychotherapy, training with a mental health specialist or a combination of these treatments.

Side Effects of Medication

• Stimulant medications used to treat ADHD may result in a lack of appetite and difficulty sleeping, as well as less common side effects such as tics and personality changes. Contact a doctor if these symptoms become severe.