Definition of Trichotillomania

Trichotillomania is a mental illness characterized by compulsive hair-pulling. According to the Trichotillomania Learning Center (TLC), trichotillomania affects 2 percent to 4 percent of the American population. Severe trichotillomania can have emotional and social ramifications. Fortunately, treatment is available.

Causes

• According to the Mayo Clinic, researchers believe trichotillomania is caused by genetic and neurobiological factors. Mutations in the SLITRK1 gene have been linked to trichotillomania, while some studies suggest an imbalance of the brain chemicals dopamine and serotonin may influence its onset.

Risk Factors

• According to TLC, studies show that a family history of trichotillomania, childhood stress, emotional or mental disorders, or negative thinking patterns can place you at higher risk.

Symptoms

• Signs of trichotillomania include bald or patchy scalp, body, eyelashes or eyebrows; playing with pulled hair; rubbing pulled hair on lips or face; or chewing and eating pulled hair.

Effects

• According to Mental Health America, trichotillomania can lead to permanent hair loss, skin damage, dangerous hairballs, carpal tunnel syndrome, emotional stress, relationship difficulties, isolation, depression, anxiety and even suicide.

Diagnosis

• Your doctor may perform a scalp or skin biopsy to determine causes and patterns of damage. If she suspects trichotillomania, she will probably refer you to a mental health practitioner.

Treatment

• Treatment is usually antidepressant medication and cognitive behavior therapy, which teaches awareness of behaviors and how to control compulsions.