Social Zeitgeber Theory

Social zeitgeber theory is a biological explanation for periods of depression. The theory claims that negative events upset the body's circadian rhythms. This disruption exacerbates emotional turmoil.

Bipolar Disorder

• Most of the research done on social zeitgeber theory is related to bipolar disorder and the link between life events and bipolar symptoms. Previously, psychologists thought bipolar disorder was entirely based on biological circumstances.

Disruptions of Circadian Rhythms

• Disruptions can be major life changes that affect a person's sense of stability, such as job loss, divorce or illness. Social zeitgeber theory claims that small changes in routine can drastically affect the mood of a person suffering from bipolar disorder.

Social Rhythm Therapy

• Social Rhythm Therapy was developed by Ellen Frank and is described in her book "Treating Bipolar Disorder: A Clinician's Guide to Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy," assumes that bipolar symptoms can be regulated by adhering to a strict routine. This includes, for example, going to bed at the same time every night and eating meals at the same time every day.

Social Rhythm Metric

• Frank further recommends the "Social Rhythm Metric," a report form that a person fills out daily, like a time sheet, to ensure minimal disruptions and note any major shifts in mood.

Experimental Status

• Social Rhythm Therapy has been shown by numerous studies to be effective in treating non-bipolar depression, but Frank notes that additional research must be done on the link between bipolar symptoms and social rhythms.