What Is a Shared Psychotic Disorder?

Shared psychotic disorder, also known as Folie à deux or shared paranoid disorder, is a rare psychiatric disorder in which delusions are transmitted from one person to another. The affected individuals typically have a close relationship, such as being family members or close friends.

In shared psychotic disorder, one person, known as the "primary case" or "inducer," has a psychotic disorder, such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder with psychotic features. The other person, known as the "secondary case" or "recipient," develops similar delusions and symptoms after being in close contact with the primary case.

The delusions in shared psychotic disorder are often bizarre and may involve themes of persecution, grandeur, reference, or control. The secondary case may also experience hallucinations, disorganized speech, and impaired social functioning.

The exact mechanism by which delusions are transmitted in shared psychotic disorder is not fully understood. Some experts believe it may be due to a combination of factors, including genetic vulnerability, environmental factors, and the intense emotional connection between the affected individuals.

Treatment for shared psychotic disorder typically involves separating the affected individuals and providing psychiatric treatment for both the primary and secondary cases. This may include medication, psychotherapy, and social support.

Shared psychotic disorder is a complex and challenging condition, but it is important to remember that effective treatments are available and recovery is possible. With proper treatment and support, both the primary and secondary cases can experience significant improvement in their symptoms and overall functioning.