What are two hypotheses for schizophrenia?

Two prominent hypotheses for schizophrenia are:

- Dopamine hypothesis: This hypothesis proposes that an imbalance in dopamine, a neurotransmitter in the brain, plays a significant role in the development of schizophrenia. Specifically, an overactivity in dopamine signaling in certain brain regions is thought to contribute to the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking.

- Neurodevelopmental hypothesis: This hypothesis suggests that disruptions in early brain development, particularly during prenatal and early postnatal stages, may contribute to the vulnerability to schizophrenia. Factors like genetic susceptibility, environmental influences (e.g., maternal infections, nutritional deficiencies), and obstetric complications may disrupt the normal development of brain structures and neural circuits, leading to the emergence of symptoms in later life.