What is a period of austerity?

A period of austerity is a time of economic difficulty and constraint, typically characterized by reduced spending and increased taxation. It is often imposed in response to an economic crisis or recession in order to reduce the government's budget deficit and stabilize the economy. During a period of austerity, governments reduce public spending, such as on social welfare programs, and may raise taxes in order to reduce the national debt. This can have a negative impact on economic growth and employment.