Difference Between Contact & Droplet Transmission

Microorganisms that cause infections and diseases have different ways of being transmitted from person to person. Understanding how a disease-causing microorganism is transmitted is important in preventing the spread of infection. Two of the several ways of transmission are contact transmission and droplet transmission.

Contact Transmission

• Gloves and protective clothing can help reduce contact transmission.

  Contact transmission occurs when an infection is spread through touching. Direct contact transmission takes place when an uninfected person touches an infected person. Many sexually transmitted diseases are transmitted this way. Indirect contact transmission results from touching a contaminated object. Disinfecting surfaces, wearing protective gowns and gloves, washing hands frequently and staying away from those who are sick can help reduce the risk of contact transmission.

Droplet Transmission

• Wearing a mask can help prevent the inhalation of infectious droplets.

  Disease-causing microorganisms can travel in respiratory droplets caused by coughing, sneezing, runny noses, and exhalation. This transfer of disease is called droplet transmission. Because of the size of these droplets, they generally do not travel far before settling. Wearing protective masks and goggles can help prevent droplet transmission.

Considerations and Conclusion

• Both contact and droplet transmission are the transfer of disease-causing microorganisms. While they are different mechanisms for the spread of infection and disease, the likelihood of both can be lessened with a few simple steps. When in a medical setting, check the doors of rooms for signs indicating a contact or droplet precaution. Remember to wear protective gowns, goggles, face masks, and gloves when necessary. Also, perhaps most importantly, wash your hands!