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Dangers of Cosmetic Contact Lenses

Corrective properties do not exist in cosmetic contact lenses. This type of lens exists purely to change the eye's appearance. Consumers often believe this means cosmetic lenses are a harmless addition to their wardrobe. But nothing could be further from the truth. Improper cosmetic contact lens use can result in a variety of problems, including complete and permanent loss of vision.

  1. Risk of Infection

    • Improper fit of a contact lens irritates the eye. Dr. H. Dwight Cavanagh, of University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, reports that the wrong fit of an over-the-counter contact lens leads to certain risks, including swelling (edema) and infection of the eye, abrasions to the cornea and allergic reactions. According to Dr. Cavanugh, an eye care professional must measure the eyes for proper fit and dispense a prescription for lenses to curb the risk of infection.

    Vision Impairment

    • The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warns that decorative lenses can limit vision and the ability to clearly see contrast. The lenses reduce visual acuity and affect contrast sensitivity. The FDA further states that wearing a cosmetic lens purchased without a prescription may interfere with driving and other activities.

    Permanent Eye Injury

    • A corneal ulcer, or open sores on the cornea, occur when wearing any type of ill-fitting contact lens beyond the recommended time frame. Corneal ulcers progress rapidly and, when left untreated, cause further infection of the eye. Scarring of the cornea can result. Severe scarring permanently impairs vision and sometimes leads to blindness. Dr. Cavanagh claims the dangers of corneal ulcers are much higher in people using over-the-counter cosmetic contacts because normal safety barriers are missing—doctors are left out of the loop connecting retailers, manufacturers and customers.

    Identifying Further Danger

    • The FDA continues to warn consumers about the dangers of wearing decorative lenses without a prescription. They also watch for adverse effects of both prescription and nonprescription cosmetic lenses by asking consumers to report problems via their voluntary MedWatch program (see Resources). You can also reached the FDA by calling (800) FDA-1088, or via regular mail: MedWatch, Food and Drug Administration, HF-2, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857.

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