What is the new CPR guidelines?

The latest Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) guidelines, released in 2020 by the American Heart Association (AHA) and the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR), focus on simplification and efficiency in performing CPR, prioritizing chest compressions, and ensuring high-quality CPR throughout the resuscitation process. Here are some key updates and recommendations from the 2020 CPR guidelines:

1. Importance of Chest Compressions:

- Chest compressions are the most crucial part of CPR, and they should be started immediately.

- The recommended compression rate is 100 to 120 compressions per minute, with each compression reaching at least 2 inches (5 centimeters) deep but not exceeding 2.4 inches (6 centimeters) in adults.

2. Push Hard, Push Fast:

- Emphasis is placed on delivering effective compressions. Push hard and fast, allowing for complete chest recoil after each compression.

3. Compression-to-Breath Ratio:

- The compression-to-breath ratio is now 30:2 for all individuals, including adults, children, and infants.

- Provide 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths.

4. Hands-Only CPR:

- If you're not trained in rescue breaths or find it challenging to give them, you can perform Hands-Only CPR. This involves continuous chest compressions without rescue breaths.

5. Minimizing Interruptions:

- During CPR, minimize interruptions to chest compressions. Check the victim's responsiveness and give rescue breaths if trained to do so, but prioritize ongoing compressions.

6. Emphasis on Quality CPR:

- High-quality CPR involves compressions at the correct depth and rate, avoiding excessive ventilation, and minimizing interruptions.

7. Rescue Breaths:

- If performing rescue breaths, pinch the victim's nose and cover their entire mouth with your mouth, ensuring each breath causes visible chest rise.

8. Defibrillator Use:

- If an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is available, use it as soon as possible.

- Follow the AED's voice or visual prompts.

9. Team Approach in Resuscitation:

- When multiple rescuers are present, designate one person to lead the CPR efforts while others provide compressions, rescue breaths, and use the AED if available.

10. Compression Depth for Children and Infants:

- For children, compress the chest by about 2 inches (5 centimeters).

- For infants, compress by about 1.5 inches (4 centimeters).

11. Hand Placement:

- Place the heel of one hand on the center of the chest, with the other hand on top, fingers interlocked.

12. Breaths for Children and Infants:

- Give rescue breaths to children and infants, ensuring they last no more than one second.

13. Training and Recertification:

- Regular training and recertification in CPR and AED use is recommended for healthcare professionals and the general public.

Remember that these are only highlights, and it's essential to take a certified CPR course to learn the techniques properly. Always follow the local protocols and regulations in your area when providing CPR.