What is the correct sequence of CPR when two rescuers are present?
When two rescuers are present during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), a coordinated effort is required to provide effective chest compressions and rescue breaths. Here's the correct sequence of steps for two-rescuer CPR:
1. Check Responsiveness:
- One rescuer checks the person's responsiveness, calls for help, and activates the Emergency Medical Service (EMS).
- If unresponsive, position the person on a firm surface.
2. Start Chest Compressions (Rescuer 1):
- Begin CPR by placing the heel of one hand on the center of the person's chest, between the nipples.
- Place the other hand on top and interlock the fingers.
- Position yourself with straight arms and shoulders directly over your hands.
- Start chest compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute.
- Push down 3.8 to 5 cm (1.5 to 2 inches) deep, allowing the chest to fully recoil between compressions.
3. Provide Rescue Breaths (Rescuer 2):
- While Rescuer 1 is performing chest compressions, Rescuer 2 prepares to give rescue breaths.
- Pinch the person's nose shut and use a mask barrier or a pocket mask if available.
- Give rescue breaths by making a tight seal over the person's mouth and delivering two breaths, each lasting about one second and watching for the chest to rise.
4. Continue CPR Cycles:
- Rescuer 1 continues chest compressions in sets of 30, followed by two rescue breaths by Rescuer 2.
- After one cycle of 30 compressions and two breaths, switch roles.
- Continue performing CPR cycles until the person shows signs of life (e.g., starts breathing or moving) or until professional help arrives.
5. Use an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) (if available):
- If an AED is available, it should be used as soon as it arrives.
- Turn on the AED and follow its voice prompts.
6. Continue CPR until EMS Arrives:
- Continue performing high-quality CPR, switching roles every few minutes to avoid fatigue.
- Stay with the person and continue CPR until professional help takes over.
It's important for both rescuers to collaborate effectively, communicate clearly, and maintain proper hand placement and compression depth to provide the best chance of successful resuscitation.