Precautions to Take During a Flood

Flooding is the most common natural disaster, killing more people in the United States than any other type of natural disaster. Floods can develop over a period of a few days, or in cases of a flash flood, in a few minutes -- sometimes without any signs of rain. When a flood does strike, there are certain precautions you should take to stay safe.

Before a Flood

• Before the possibility of a flood, take certain steps to protect you and your family. Know the risks of a flood for your area by checking with local officials to see if you are in a flood plain or other area prone to flooding. Even if you are not in a high risk area, take some extra precautions. The most important thing you can have handy is an emergency kit that includes a weather alert radio and a flashlight. You should also work out an evacuation plan with your family. Make sure that items in your house such as your furnace, water heater, and electric panel are elevated to areas that aren't susceptible to flooding.

As a Flood Hits

• If a flood does occur in your area, listen to your radio or television for the most up-to-date information. In cases where a flash flood might occur, the Federal Emergency Management Agency says to move to higher ground immediately and not wait for instructions to move. When an evacuation order does come, secure your home and turn off your utilities at the main switches and valves. Follow the recommended evacuation routes as you leave the area, making sure to avoid moving water. You can use a long branch, a pole or a stick to help check the firmness of the ground as you walk.

In Your Home

• If your home starts to flood, move any essential items to an upper floor to protect them from flood waters. Be aware that small animals and snakes may seek shelter in your home. Because gas leaks may occur, avoid smoking or using candles unless you are sure that the gas has been shut off.

Driving

• Driving during flooding conditions can be dangerous times, as many drowning deaths occur in cars. Avoid flooded areas if possible. It only takes six inches of water to reach the bottom of most passenger cars, which can lead to loss of control or make the vehicle stall out. A foot of water can float most vehicles and two feet of water can sweep many vehicles away. If you are driving and your vehicle stalls when surrounded by flood waters, do not attempt to move it. Instead, abandon it and seek higher ground.

Dealing with Flood Waters

• Flood waters are often contaminated with sewage and other chemicals. Keep cuts, burns and other wounds from coming in contact with contaminated water. If you come into contact with flood waters, wash your hands immediately with soap and clean water. Don't drink water without boiling it first or until it has been declared safe by local authorities.