Storm Shelter Requirements

Storm shelters are an invaluable resource during emergencies and natural disasters such as tornadoes and hurricanes. Shelters protect individuals from high winds and flying debris at home, work and school. Storm shelter recommendations exist to help builders and homeowners decide on the best course of action based on location and the chance of exposure to a variety of possible disasters.

Indoor Safe Rooms

• Whether adding a safe room to an existing home or a new home, basic safe room requirements ensure maximum protection from nature's wrath. Shelter construction requires walls and doors that resist penetration from flying debris. In addition, shelters need to be securely anchored to the foundation of the home, preferably located in a basement or interior room, and offer enough room to house an appropriate number of occupants comfortably. The National Storm Shelter Association recommends allowing five square feet per person for safe rooms constructed for tornado and high-wind disasters, and allowing seven to 20 square feet per person for safe rooms constructed to withstand longer-lasting disasters such as hurricanes.

Outdoor Shelters

• Outdoor shelters offer protection for those who find it difficult to place a storm shelter on the interior of their home. Outdoor shelters require a watertight roof, concrete or masonry construction, and a thicker concrete foundation for anchoring and additional support, especially in areas prone to flooding to prevent the shelter from being washed away. Place outdoor shelters in a convenient location and, if possible, allow for an entrance to the shelter directly from the house. Ensure that steps and ladders used to access outdoor storm shelters remain free of clutter, and maintain structural integrity for safety purposes. In addition, outdoor storm shelters should include an emergency transmitter to contact emergency personnel should you become trapped or need assistance while seeking shelter.

Other Considerations

• Take into account additional considerations, including ensuring that your storm shelter receives proper ventilation and contains emergency supplies. Important items to have in case of an emergency include a weather radio (either hand-crank or battery operated, with extra batteries available), flashlights and a fire extinguisher. In addition, a properly stocked first aid kit and survival supplies will serve you well should using the shelter become necessary. In certain weather conditions, such as tornadoes, an eight-hour supply of food and water should suffice. Plan for the possibility of longer stays if you live in a hurricane- or earthquake-prone area; this should include several days' worth of water and food. Also consider storing extra pet supplies, medications and entertainment items such as coloring books for children.