Algae Controls for Farm Ponds

If you have ponds on your farm, you likely experience algae formation at points throughout the year. This blue-green algae, known as cyanobacteria, can form during any time of year, but is most common during the hottest months, such as late summer or early fall. Unfortunately, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, harmful cyanobacteria known as CyanoHABS -- Harmful Algal Blooms -- can also form, producing toxins that can sicken other plants, people and livestock.

Hand Removal

• Use a garden rake to remove algae on a regular basis.

  The South Central New York Agricultural Team of Cornell University recommends removing excess algae before it gets out of control by simply skimming it off the top or along the pond edges with a rake. You can use a simple garden rake, make a screen that allows the water to drain but traps the algae, or use a pool skimming tool. Performing this task on a regular basis can help maintain pond's health.

Barley Straw

• The Cornell team lists barley straw application as an option, with a caveat as to its efficacy. Proponents claim barley straw's properties break down in the pond, decompose and release chemicals that retard algae growth. According to the Cornell researchers, you should apply the straw before the hottest part of the summer in your region or before the end of June, and plan on needing 200 to 250 pounds per acre of pond size. Stuff the straw into net sacks with a buoyancy tool, and then anchor the sacks evenly throughout the pond.

Chemicals

• Carefully follow the directions for any chemical applications.

  If you decide to use a chemical algaecide, ensure you get one that is labeled safe for whatever livestock uses your pond. Levels may be different for horses and cattle, for example. Adhere to the application instructions. In particular, if you think you have a large concentration of harmful algae, applying a chemical such as copper sulfate could cause a significant algae kill and release even more dangerous toxins from the algae.

Other Options

• Goldfish may be effective in smaller ponds or large watering tanks.

  You may be able to control algae growth in ponds with grass carp, or a pond dye. Some pond dyes may have purchase restrictions; others recommend that you apply them before you get an algae condition. Tom Tower, owner of One Iron Horse Farm in Dripping Springs, Texas, uses goldfish in some of the larger stock tanks for algae control, but these tanks are typically smaller than dugouts or many farm ponds.