Possible Water Purification Methods

Water purification removes bacteria and other contaminants. This can create safe drinking water, whether it's from a lake or your kitchen faucet during a natural disaster or other emergency. Water purification methods have evolved from traditional techniques like boiling to advanced filtration systems like ionizers.

Boiling

• Boiling water is a simple and effective way to purify water. Heating water above 160 degrees will kill all bacteria in 30 minutes. Heating it above 185 degrees will kill all bacteria in a few minutes. To kill all bacteria more quickly, boil water rapidly at 212 degrees for at least one minute. At higher altitudes, boil it for three minutes.

Chemicals

• Two main chemicals are used to purify water: iodine and chlorine. Iodine is best at purifying water that is above 68 degrees. It kills the Giardia parasite, which causes stomach problems. Iodine purifiers come in liquid, crystal and tablet form. Chlorine makes debris and dirt settle to the bottom of the water container. Follow the manufacturer's guidelines and don't add too much, since this can be poisonous.

  When purifying water with chemicals, let the water sit for at least 30 minutes after you add the chemical or after the tablet dissolves. To make the chemically purified water taste better, add some salt, vitamin C or flavored drink crystals.

Ionization

• Some water filters use ionization to eliminate bacteria and contaminants. These filters contain silver carbon blocks that are filled with negatively charged electrodes. The electrodes draw the positive ions from the water, creating alkaline water. You can buy a water ionizer for your home.

Reverse Osmosis

• Reverse osmosis purifies water by trapping contaminants as the water passes through a selective filter. Pressure pushes water molecules through the filter, but larger molecules like bacteria, metals and salt are left behind. Reverse osmosis is an effective method used both by companies and homeowners.