What Is Calcium Carbide?

Calcium carbide is a crystalline chemical compound that consists of one calcium atom and two carbon atoms. Calcium carbide has many industrial uses. It can, however, be highly dangerous when not handled correctly.

Physical Characteristics

• According to the International Association for Calcium Carbide, calcium carbide is usually dark grey in color and emits a distinct garlic-like odor.

Acetylene Gas

• A common industrial application of calcium carbide is the production of acetylene gas. Acetylene gas is used in metal construction and in producing acetylene derivatives found in consumer products such as hair spray and cosmetics.

Metallurgical Uses

• Calcium carbide is also used for metallurgical applications. A powerful reducing agent, it is often utilized to remove impurities from iron and steel.

Hazards

• According to the New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, calcium carbide may unexpectedly produce acetylene gas if it comes into accidental contact with water or moisture. Although quite useful in industry, uncontained acetylene gas is highly dangerous; the gas is flammable and may become ignited during production. In addition, a fire involving calcium carbide will produce poisonous gases.

Health Effects

• The New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services states that exposure to calcium carbide can cause irritation or damage to the skin, eyes mouth, nose and throat. Inhaling calcium carbide can lead to shortness of breath and possible pulmonary edema.