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Dangerous Dry Cleaning Chemicals

There is growing concern about the human and ecological impact of dry cleaning chemicals. Dry cleaning chemicals are known to be dangerous and some states have outlawed the use of certain chemicals used during the dry cleaning process.

  1. History

    • The chemical PERC has been banned in California.

      Before World War I, cleaning fluids were generally petroleum-based. This changed with the introduction of a chemical called perchloroethylene or PERC. PERC was nonflammable and believed to be safe. Most dry cleaning businesses use the chemical, though it has been deemed a hazard. PERC also ends up in the environment as waste.

    Significance

    • Dry cleaning chemicals can cause health problems

      The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) warns that breathing PERC can cause symptoms ranging from dizziness to unconsciousness. The World Health Organization labeled the chemical a "probable human carcinogen."

    Other Chemicals Used

    • DF-2000 was found to cause cancer in rats.

      DF-2000 is an alternative chemical to PERC. It is not as toxic, though only marginally so. The GreenEarth method is also thought to be safer. However, after a study showed cancer in rats exposed to D5 (the chemical in this process), the EPA warned it could also be a carcinogen.

    Misconceptions

    • Ask dry cleaners about the chemicals they use.

      Many dry cleaners are now touting themselves as being "green" but there is little oversight to this label. Consumers should ask dry cleaners about the chemicals they use.

    The Safest Method

    • Some "dry clean only" clothes can be washed by hand.

      The safest method of dry cleaning is called "wet-cleaning." This is more time consuming but is free of toxins, and some dry cleaners are now using this process. Most clothing labeled "dry clean only" can usually be washed by hand with a gentle soap and hung to dry.

    Tips

    • Air clothing outside before hanging in a closet.

      If you are concerned about the chemicals used in dry cleaning your clothes, be sure to unwrap your clothes from the protective plastic and air them outside before putting them away. Hanging them directly in the closet will release the chemicals into your home.

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